Constanta (orasul)

"�naantichitate,aConstantaas-aanumitaTomis,aapoiaConstantianaasiaConstantea,aiar
ulterioraKustendgea(Kiustendje).aAcesteatoponimeareflect�aistoriaafr�m�ntat�aa
acesteiaregiuniacareaaaavutanumiriadeaoriginiadiferite:atraco-getice,asciticea,
celtice,agrecesti,aromane.aCercet�rilea�ntreprinsea�naprezentanuaauaputut
stabiliacuaexactitateaorigineaanumeluiaTomis.aCercet�rileamaiavechiaexplic�
origineaanumeluiapeabaz�aunoralegendeasiatraditii,a�naschimb,aceleamaianoiacaut�
s�adovedeasc�aorigineaaTomisuluiapealiniealingvistic�.aTomis,aaveaa�nc�adin
antichitateadou�aexplicatiiacuacaracterapopular,aambeleadeaordinamitologic.aUna
careaconsideraac�a�ntemeiereaaorasuluias-aradatoraaunuiaerouaeponinaTomos,aalta,
careaapartinealuiaOvidiu,a�nserat�a�naversurileasale.aElaarat�ac�adenumireaade
Tomisaaaexistata�ncaa�nainteadeavenireaacolonistiloragreci.

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t�rmurileaColchidei,a�mpreunaacuaiubitulaeiaIason,asi-arafiat�iata�nabuc�ti
frateleapeanumeaAbsyrtosasial-arafiaaruncata�namarea�nadreptulaConstanteiade
ast�zi.aDeaatunciaiaseaspuneaTomisaacestuialoc,afiindc�a"oasor�ape-alas�uafrate
l-aat�iat".aAltiacercet�toriaconsider�ac�anumeleaderiv�adealaaverbula"tamo"a(a
t�ia)asiaprobabilaorasulaTomisaaaluataaceast�adenumirea�naamintireaaacelei
�nt�mpl�rianefericiteadintreaMedeeaasiaAbysrtos.aNumeleaCapuluiaMidia,
pronuntareabizantin�apentruaMedeea,aconstituieaunaecouaalaaceleasialegende.
Cercet�rileamaianoiaexcludaexplicatiaamitologic�aaanumeluiaTomisasia�nclin�
pentruaaal�muriadup�aformaapeninsuleiaConstanta,apeacareaY.aWeissaoaaseam�naacu
unacutitadeacizmarie,acarea�nagrecesteapoart�adenumireaadea"tomens".aFilologul
francezaPhillipon,arelu�ndap�rereaaaustriaculuiaTomachek,aajungealaaconcluziaac�
numeleaesteadeaorigineatrac�asiaaafosta�mprumutatadeagreciacuasensulade
umflatura,aprotuberant�.aAstfel,a�naindianaaveche,a"tumaros"a(obez),a�nalatin�
"tumeo"a(m�aumflu),a"tumulus"a(movil�)asia�nagreac�a"tymbos"asaua"tymos"a(movil�
funerar�).aSeapareatotusiac�anumeleaorasuluiaTomisaarafiainspiratadeaforma
peninsularaaat�tadeacaracteristic�avetreiasale,a�nasensuladeaumflatur�,
proeminent�,aasaacuma�naadev�raapareamicaapeninsul�acaaunicaelementadearelief
careamodificaaaspectulaaproapearectiliniuaalacoasteiadobrogene.

Datorit�aunoraconditiiasocialaeconomiceasiapolitice,atopiculaTomis,acareaavea
larg�acirculatiea�naantichitate,a�ncepeas�adispar�adinadocumenteleavremii,amai
alesadup�asl�bireaaputeriiaromanea�naDacia,afiinda�nlocuitacuanumeleanoua-
Constantiana.aNumeleaacestaaseapareac�aestealegatadeaoaperioad�adearelativ�
linisteasiarefacereaeconomic�adinatimpuladomnieialuiaConstantinacelaMare
(306-337),ac�ndaorasulaseadezvolt�,adevenindaoacetateaputernic�.aNumeleanou,
Constantiana,ascrisauneoriaConstantia,asauaConstantza,a�ncepeas�aapar�atotamai
des.aSubaacestanumeasea�nt�lnesteaorasulapeah�rtilealuiaPedroaViscontiala
�nceputulasec.aalaXIII-leaaiarapeahartaageografic�aaaluiaSuter,adinaanula1690,
apareasubadenumireaadeaConstanta.aEpocaadominatieiaotomaneasi-aapusaamprenta
asupraaorasuluiaConstantaacareacap�t�aunanouanume:aKustenge.a�naaadouaajumatate
aasecoluluiaalaXIX-lea,adup�ar�zboiuladeaindependent�anational�,aorasulaprimeste
dinanouadenumireaadeaConstanta.a"




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